Cybersecurity Essentials v1.1 Chapter 4 Quiz Answers
1. What is the name of the method in which letters are rearranged to create the ciphertext?
enigma
substitution
transposition*
one-time pad
Explanation:
Ciphertext can be created by using the following:
Transposition – letters are rearranged
Substitution – letters are replaced
One-time pad – plaintext combined with a secret key creates a new character, which then combines with the plaintext to produce ciphertext
2. Which 128-bit block cipher encryption algorithm does the US government use to protect classified information?
Vignere
AES*
Caesar
3DES
Skipjack
Explanation:
The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is used to protect classified information by the U.S. government and is a strong algorithm that uses longer key lengths.
3. Which term describes the technology that protects software from unauthorized access or modification?
copyright
access control
trademark
watermarking*
Explanation:
Software watermarking inserts a secret message into the program as proof of ownership and protects software from unauthorized access or modification.
4. Which three devices represent examples of physical access controls? (Choose three.)
swipe cards*
firewalls
locks*
routers
servers
video cameras*
Explanation:
Physical access controls include but are not limited to the following:Guards
Fences
Motion detectors
Laptop locks
Locked doors
Swipe cards
Guard dogs
Video cameras
Mantraps
Alarms
5. What term is used to describe the technology that replaces sensitive information with a nonsensitive version?
retracting
hiding
blanking
whiteout
masking*
Explanation:
Data masking replaces sensitive information with nonsensitive information. After replacement, the nonsensitive version looks and acts like the original.
6. Which type of cipher is able to encrypt a fixed-length block of plaintext into a 128-bit block of ciphertext at any one time?
transform
hash
symmetric
stream
block*
Explanation:
Block ciphers transform a fixed-length block of plaintext into a block of ciphertext. To decrypt the ciphertext, the same secret key to encrypt is used in reverse.
7. What encryption algorithm uses the same pre-shared key to encrypt and decrypt data?
hash
asymmetric
one-time pad
symmetric*
Explanation:
Symmetric encryption algorithms use the same pre-shared key to encrypt and decrypt data.
8. What type of cipher encrypts plaintext one byte or one bit at a time?
block
hash
enigma
stream*
elliptical
Explanation:
Stream ciphers encrypt plaintext one byte or one bit at a time, and can be much faster than block ciphers.
9. What cryptographic algorithm is used by the NSA and includes the use of elliptical curves for digital signature generation and key exchange?
ECC*
RSA
AES
El-Gamal
IDEA
Explanation:
Elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) uses elliptic curves as part of the algorithm for digital signature generation and key exchange.
10. What is the term used to describe the science of making and breaking secret codes?
impersonation
spoofing
factorization
cryptology*
jamming
Explanation:
Cryptology is the science of making and breaking codes to make sure that cyber criminals cannot easily compromise protected information.
11. Which three processes are examples of logical access controls? (Choose three.)
guards to monitor security screens
firewalls to monitor traffic*
swipe cards to allow access to a restricted area
fences to protect the perimeter of a building
intrusion detection system (IDS) to watch for suspicious network activity*
biometrics to validate physical characteristics*
Explanation:
Logical access controls includes but is not limited to the following:
Encryption
Smart cards
Passwords
Biometrics
Access Control Lists (ACLs)
Protocols
Firewalls
Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS)
12. What term is used to describe concealing data in another file such as a graphic, audio, or other text file?
hiding
steganography*
obfuscation
masking
Explanation:
Steganography conceals data in a file such as a graphic, audio, or other text file and is used to prevent extra attention to the encrypted data because the data is not easily viewed.
13. What are three examples of administrative access controls? (Choose three.)
hiring practices*
intrusion detection system (IDS)
policies and procedures*
background checks*
guard dogs
encryption
Explanation:
Administrative access controls are defined by organizations to implement and enforce all aspects of controlling unauthorized access and include the following:
Policies
Procedures
Hiring practices
Background checks
Data classification
Security training
Reviews
14. Which three protocols use asymmetric key algorithms? (Choose three.)
Telnet
Secure Shell (SSH)*
Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)
Pretty Good Privacy (PGP)*
Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP)
Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)*
Explanation:
Four protocols use asymmetric key algorithms:
Internet Key Exchange (IKE)
Secure Socket Layer (SSL)
Secure Shell (SSH)
Pretty Good Privacy (PGP)
15. A warning banner that lists the negative outcomes of breaking company policy is displayed each time a computer user logs in to the machine. What type of access control is implemented?
detective
preventive
masking
deterrent*
Explanation:
Deterrents are implemented to discourage or mitigate an action or the behavior of a malicious person.
16. Which two terms are used to describe cipher keys? (Choose two.)
key space*
key randomness
keylogging
key length*
17. Match the type of multifactor authentication with the description.
a security key fob ————> something you have
a fingerprint scan ————> something you are
a password ————> something you know
Explanation:
Multi-factor authentication uses a minimum of two methods of verification and can include the following:
Something you have
Something you know
Something you are
18. Match the description with the correct term. (Not all targets are used.)
steganography —————> hiding data within an audio file
steganalysis ——————> discovering that hidden information exists within a graphic file
social steganography ——–> creating a message that says one thing but means something else to a specific audience
obfuscation ——————> making a message confusing so it is harder to understand
Other Incorrect Match Options:
replacing sensitive information in a file with nonsensitive information
19. Which asymmetric algorithm provides an electronic key exchange method to share the secret key?
WEP
DES
RSA
Diffie-Hellman*
hashing
Explanation:
Diffie-Hellman provides an electronic exchange method to share a secret key and is used by multiple secure protocols.
20. What encryption algorithm uses one key to encrypt data and a different key to decrypt data?
Asymmetric*
one-time pad
transposition
symmetric
Explanation:
Asymmetric encryption uses one key to encrypt data and a different key to decrypt data.
